Tourism refers to both a migration, the fact of traveling for pleasure outside his area of daily life, the usual living spaces, and to reside temporarily, but also an economic sector that includes all activities related to the satisfaction of tourists and travel.
If leisure travel seem to exist since ancient times, tourism takes direction from the eighteenth century with the development of the "Grand Tour". In 1803, the term "tourist" appeared in the French language, derived from the English word tourist appeared in 1800 and refers to those travelers who travel to foreign countries, for another purpose that business before returning home. One hundred years later, the League of Nations will give a definition of traveler. The word "tourism" arrives later without covering a precise definition as that given by the Larousse Supplement 1877: "Tourism, usual tourist". Its definition is refined from 1960 In 2000, four international organizations give a common definition to the term. "The" tourism "includes the activities of people during their trips to and staying in places outside their usual environment for a consecutive period not exceeding one year, for recreation, for business and other reasons not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited. "1.
Between the art of being a tourist and become a major business sector, tourism covers various representations of both the number of actors involved, the practices - the forms are numerous amenities such as health tourism, related to the mountain, seaside, sports, culture (heritage), the environment (landscapes), etc. - Or places where recreation is implanted. It adapts with the changing modes of transportation, the development of hotels and restaurants, using the different infrastructures of the regions or creating the structures necessary for its development (resorts). Since the 1990s and environmental awareness, a new form of tourism respectful of the environment is growing, particularly through sustainable tourism.
The development of this industry is truly to be linked with the tourist practice of the middle class in Western countries (Europe and North America). This is the general improvement in living standards that allowed people to spend more on leisure activities, including tourism.
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